International Journal of English and Education

ISSN : 2278-4012

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Relationship between Reading Fluency and Reading Comprehension of Secondary Level Pashto Speaking Learners of English in Parachinar, KP Pakistan

Authors
  • Turab Hussain

    Author

  • Gulfam Hussain

    Author

Keywords:
Reading Fluency, Reading Comprehension, Secondary Level.
Abstract

Reading fluency, a key aspect of reading is an increasingly important area in teaching and
researching reading. Currently, researchers have shown an increased interest in finding its
relationship with reading comprehension. The current study aimed to investigate correlation
between reading fluency and reading comprehension among secondary level Pashtoo speaking
learners of English. Reading fluency was measured individually for 54 secondary level Pashto
speaking learners of English by using Curriculum Based Measurement (CBM) also called oneminute
probe. Words read correct in a minute were counted only. During one minute, words
read accurately, self-corrected and repeated were counted only. Words read incorrectly, left,
substituted, mispronounced, omitted, inserted and words on which students hesitated for more
than three seconds were counted as error. Transposition of a word pair was counted as a single
error. Errors were subtracted from total number of words read in a minute. Fluency in this study
was measured as reading speed and accuracy of students only. After measuring reading fluency
all students were given a comprehension test with 15 multiple choice questions and 5 open ended
questions. The scores of both variables were correlated by using SPSS 21, Perason Correlation
to find a correlational strength between fluency and comprehension. The results obtained
indicated that there was a significant correlation between reading fluency and comprehension of
the participants.

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Published
2026-04-25
Section
Articles

How to Cite

Hussain, T., & Hussain, G. (2026). Relationship between Reading Fluency and Reading Comprehension of Secondary Level Pashto Speaking Learners of English in Parachinar, KP Pakistan. International Journal of English and Education, 7(3), 227-233. https://ijee.org/ijee/article/view/387